A formação do enfermeiro no contexto da política nacional de humanização

Abstract

The present research addressed the historical trajectory of the institutionalization of formal nursing education in Brazil, considering the complexity of nurse training in the face of the requirements of the National Curricular Guidelines for the Undergraduate Nursing Course and the challenges imposed by the Unified Health System in the country. The central problem of the research was: How have Public Policies guided the norms for teaching higher education nursing professionals, highlighting the fundamental importance of working on the humanization process with health workers, as well as promoting and developing good communication between healthcare teams, patients, Family members and companions. The general objective of this work was to understand how Public Higher Education Policies have guided and directed the training of nurses in Brazil. The specific objectives were present the history of Higher Nursing Education in Brazil; identify Public Policies for Undergraduate Nursing in Brazil; and analyze the National Humanization Policy (PNH) and nurse training. The research methodology was bibliographic had character, with critical analysis of books, articles, theses and dissertations. A documentary analysis of Higher Education Public Policy documents and professional bodies resolutions was also carried out. The documentary bases were analyzed inseparably at each historical moment, covering the period from 1543 to 2024. Subsequently, these documents were organized in a matrix, allowing the analysis of their content and context, and in another matrix, the main changes were recorded and identified. The research was presented in three chapters, organized as follows: in the first chapter, the history of nursing institutionalizations in Brazil was presented; in the second chapter, changes in the paradigms of nursing professional education were discussed; and, finally, in the third chapter. Nurse training was addressed from formative education, in the context of the National Humanization Policy.