As práticas pedagógicas da educação física escolar numa ilha do Paraná: narrativas docentes sobre experiências e desafios no período pandêmico de Covid-19

Abstract

This research presents an analysis of pedagogical practices and is based on theoretical and methodological foundations, such as pedagogical strategies and factors involved in the daily practice of Physical Education teachers. Thus, the object of study is the pedagogical practices of Physical Education in the municipal school system during the COVID-19 pandemic – between 2020 and 2021. The research participants are three Elementary School Physical Education teachers from the Initial Years of Basic Education, who work at the following educational institutions: Gabriel de Lara Municipal Full-Time School and Iracema dos Santos Municipal School – both located on Valadares Island, in the city of Paranaguá, Paraná. Therefore, the research question is: How were pedagogical practices implemented in Physical Education during the COVID-19 pandemic, through the implementation of Emergency Remote Learning? The research theme is presented through the author's concerns that arose during her teaching in remote learning. In this sense, it is noteworthy that the characteristics of remote classes, until then, were novel, especially in Physical Education at school. The COVID-19 pandemic challenged teachers worldwide to adapt to social distancing and the demands of distance learning. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to analyze Physical Education pedagogical practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Early Years of Elementary School. It has the following specific objectives: a) to study the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact and repercussions on the schools where the research is conducted; b) to understand pedagogical practices mediated by digital technologies in the Physical Education curriculum; and c) to assess the organization of Physical Education teachers' pedagogical practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research methodology was based on Creswell's (2014) perspective regarding a qualitative approach. The research involved narrative research and the application of the research instrument, an online form created in Google Forms, with closed-ended questions addressing the participants' sociodemographic profile and an openended question for narrative reports. Data were produced through Interpretive Analysis inspired by Severino (2016). In their narrative reports, participants expressed their challenges during the COVID19 pandemic, such as the use of digital technologies; family involvement; the return of activities; the positive and negative aspects faced during the emergency remote learning (ERE) period; and especially regarding pedagogical practices related to the Physical Education curriculum. These procedures facilitate the production of data that are aligned with the theoretical framework underlying the research: educational concepts according to Freire (2022); pedagogical practices from the perspective of Franco (2012); The study included the dimensions of Physical Education in Schools by Darido (2019), the discussion of technology-mediated Physical Education by Corrêa and Hunger (2020), and, regarding teaching knowledge, contributions from Tardif (2014). The research participants were able to contribute to understanding the pedagogical dynamics faced by Physical Education teachers during the COVID19 pandemic, focusing on the pedagogical practices developed on Ilha dos Valadares, in the city of Paranaguá, Paraná.