Black Mirror: cinema, televisão ou produto híbrido

Abstract

Hybridization is a process that allow the development of media productions that contribute to new practices and senses of creation. Characteristics of diverse media are gathered in a unique and original composition, allowing the expansion of the media spectrum, as well as the fruition of aesthetically distinct products. Audiovisual has followed this trajectory and has incorporated in its aesthetics different ways of artistic production, either by the already known and used adaptation (literary, scenic, audiovisual and others) or by the new hybrid narratives that unite television and cinema in the same discourse and product, for example. This dissertation aims to analyze concepts of dialogism and polyphony, intertextuality, intermediality and hypervention, which characterize hybrid media. These contribute to an understanding of the hybridization processes, which will be analyzed in the serial fiction Black Mirror (2011/2017), produced by Charlie Brooker. It is initially a production aimed at British television, which today is incorporated by the digital media under Netflix’s platform, with a different elaboration and presentation of the format of its genre, in which seasons and episodes do not dialogue directly with each other. Black Mirror (2011/2017) is composed by a scope of chapters distributed between four seasons that are united only by its premise, its theme, and its format resemble much more to films rather than televising approaches. In addition to this intermediality between television and the Netflix platform, it is perceived an intertextuality of the serial fiction with the film 1984 (Michael Radford) based on the novel written by George Orwell in 1949, allowing a greater deepening regarding the hybridization: there is an original television product, which suggests a dialogue with a film revisiting a literary discourse. These findings guide the central question of the research, which has two objectives: to analyze the intertextual hybridization present between some episodes of Black Mirror and the film 1984 of Michael Radford and also verify the intermediality that arises in the series in its new configuration on the Netflix platform. The theoretical reference on the process of hybridization, intermidiality and intertextuality is provided by authors like André Bazin, Julia Kristeva, Irina Rajewsky, Lúcia Nagib and Denize Araujo, among others.