A questão do real no documentário autobiográfico: uma análise comparativa entre os elementos de linguagem presentes nos filmes 33 e Santiago

Abstract

The present dissertation aims to analyze how the films 33 (2003), by Kiko Goifman and Santiago (2007), by João Moreira Salles use as a vehicle of expression the autobiographical documentary in order to represent a reflection not only or mainly on the life of the authors / directors of these films, but on the very film genre that they are making. Thus, the hypothesis is that the technique of voice over, the reflections of the author / director, the interviews and the choice of black and white all bring elements that reinforce the effect of the real to these documentaries. The problem that the dissertation tackles is how to describe and analyze systematically the techniques that are used and their contribution to the above-mentioned semiotic effect in the films, to find out if they can be considered as they key rhetorical elements of these autobiographical documentaries , and thus I aim to develop a reflection on the documentary representation of the real, an issue that has been discussed throughout the history of this film genre. At the beginning, I will use the concepts of documentary of Nichols (2001) and of Ramos (2005) regarding the performative documentary, and also the discussion by Bernardet (1995) regarding the quest documentary, and also the concepts of Renov (2014) regarding the definition of first person film and the genre of the autobiographical documentary. Then, I will describe the set of technical aesthetic features, which I will use as a guide for film analysis. Lastly, I intend to use both documentary films as the corpus of my analysis to contribute to the classical debate regarding the representation of the real of this film genre. To attain this purpose, I will make use of a qualitative methodology to analyse the films, with special emphasis on the rhetorical and aesthetic techniques used in them.